高考英语语法：被动语态（ppt课件）-2024届高三英语一轮复习.pptx

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1、高考英语语法-被动语态2023.07.11Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetuer adipiscing elit.Maecenas porttitor congue massa.Fusce posuere,magna sed pulvinar ultricies,purus lectus malesuada libero语态E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系。分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态：主语是动作的发起者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者各种句式PART 01句式E n t

2、 e r y o u r t e x t h e r e肯定句式：主语+was/were+p.p（过去分词）This song was first sung by Roger.I was invited to the concert yesterday.句式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e否定句式主语+be+not+p.pThe car was not made in China.The glass was not broken by Mary.句式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e一般疑问句式Be+主语+p.pIs the b

3、ook written by Sakespeare?Was this library built in the 1960s?句式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e特殊疑问句式特殊疑问词+be+主语+p.pWhen was the football team set up?What was stolen last night?各种时态形式PART 02时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e一般现在时的被动语态：Am/is/are+p.pHe is loved by all his pupils.The little boy is

4、 called Alva.时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e一般过去时的被动语态：Was/were+p.pI was brought up by my aunt.The letter was written in Spanish.时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e一般将来时的被动语态：Will/be going to/be to+p.pWhen will the work be finished?I shall be given a chance to play in this game again.The pro

5、blem is going to be discussed at tomorrows meeting.The mid-term examination is to be held on April 10.时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e现在进行时的被动语态：Be+being+p.pThe school library is now being built.Is the accident now being looked into?时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e现在完成时的被动语态：Had been+p.pHa

6、d the fire been put out when the firefighters arrived?The room had been broken into before we came.时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r eThey are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _(rebuild).Dont worry.The hard work that you do now _(repay)later in life.时态形式E n t e r y

7、o u r t e x t h e r eAfter getting lost in a storm,a member of the navy team _(rescue)four days later.His method should be popularized;it _(prove)practical时态形式E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e-I have just received another message telling me I have won a big prize.-dont fall for it.You _A.Should be c

8、heatedB.Are being cheatedC.Have been cheatedD.Must have cheated用法PART 03用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e动作发起者不清楚/没有必要提及/泛指的概念（people、ones）Three people were injured.The building was burnt down.When will the result be announced?The little boy was nearly drowned.It is believed that the work will be

9、completed successfully.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e强调动作承受者This poem was written by Wiltman.The children were tended by neighbors.The plan was successfully carried out.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e出于礼貌不提及动作发起者My diary book has been browsed.I had been told many times not to make a noise.I

10、t is hoped that such things would not happen again.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e用于使句子流畅The plan was supported by those who wish to live on the campus.He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.All these advertisements were made by our company,which was set up in 1990.用法E

11、 n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e用于表示新闻标题、解说、科学文章Smoking is strictly prohibited here.The mixture is placed in a crucible and is heated to a temperature of 300.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e特殊用法：We should be devoted to what we do.She was seated by the window.He is dressed very well.He was born in

12、 Malaysia.My hometown is situated in southern Shandong province.注意事项PART 04注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e被动形式表示主动意义动词+反身代词主动改成被动形式之后，被动形式具有主动意义She usually dresses herself in white.she is usually dressed in white.The boy seated himself by the window.the boy was seated by the window.We rather c

13、oncern ourselves about fathers health.we are rather concerned about fathers health.the scientist devoted himself to physics all his life.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e被动形式表示主动意义表示情感或者心情的形容词，做表语I am pleased to meet you at the party.We were all surprised at his failure.Are you satisfied with th

14、e work.Told not to go with us,she felt disappointed.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e主动形式表示被动意义连系动词sound,taste,feel,look,appear,seem,proveYour idea sounds great.The cloth feels smooth.She looks young for her age.The dish tastes delicious.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e主动形式表示被动意义有一些不及物动词也可以

15、用被动品质性能：lock、shut、open、read、write、sell、wash、clean、draw、cut、translateThe door locks easily.The cloth washes well.The pen writes smoothly.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e主动形式表示被动意义有一些不及物动词也可以用被动发生：happen、take place、occur、break out、burst outThe war broke out in 1937.The meeting takes place next Mo

16、nday.The story happened in the 1980s.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e主动形式表示被动意义介词短语The question is now under discussion.The fire was finally under control.More buildings are under construction.Your application for this post is under consideration.The project is in the charge of a Japanese exper

17、t.注意事项E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r eThough I _(warn)not to buy more new clothes,I did buy that fancy dress at length.The cloth feels smooth and _(wash)easily.The diamond mine_(discover)accidently by a little boy when he was playing hide-and-seek.被动语态和系表结构的区别PART 05区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e

18、r e用法：被动语态强调动作，系表结构强调状态I was interested by the teachers joke.I am interested in literature.The window was broken by the little boy.The window was broken.区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e介词：被动语态常常用by来引出动作的发起者，但是系表结构结构有多种介词比如about、on、inI was interested by what you showed me.Im interested in collecti

19、ng stamps,raising birds and fishing.区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e修饰词：被动语态常用greatly,much修饰；系表结构常用very,quite,rather,more,most,too,so 修饰We were greatly moved by what the boy did.He was much excited by the news.区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e状语：地点、时间状语一般都是被动The work must be finished by the end

20、 of the week.He was injured in the accident.区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e助动词与系动词：被动语态只能用be动词，系表结构可以用多种系动词系动词：become,get,turn,sound,lie,look,keep,remain,seem,appear She became interested in maths.The work remained unfinished.区别E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e时态：被动语态有多种时态，而系表结构只有一般时和完成时The mach

21、ine is being repaired.The problem will be discussed next week.高考英语语法-虚拟语气2023.07.11Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetuer adipiscing elit.Maecenas porttitor congue massa.Fusce posuere,magna sed pulvinar ultricies,purus lectus malesuada libero语气PART 01语气E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e语气和时态、语态一样，是动

22、词的一种形式，表明说话者的意图和目的。英语中有四种语气：陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。语气E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e陈述语气：陈述一个事实或提出一个想法的语气The weather is looking up.疑问语气：用来提出问题或询问情况的语气Do you have a camera?祈使语气：用来对对方提出邀请、请求，给予忠告、指示、警示、命令Come on and take a seat.虚拟语气：表示一种假想或主观愿望If I were you,I would forgive Mary.在条件句中的用法PART 02用法E n t e

23、 r y o u r t e x t h e r e真实条件句（很有可能发生）：常用if,unless,once,as/so long as,on condition that进行引导If I have time,I would choose to work in a small town.If we leave now,we can still catch the bus.If he has written the letter,Ill post it.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e虚拟条件句：往往指不能实现或纯属想象的情况。对现在情况进行虚拟条件句用

24、一般过去时，主句用could/should/would/might+动词原形If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.If the weather were fine now,we would have a picnic.If I had a map now,we would easily get out of the forest.If you tried again,you might succeed.If lucy werent ill she would be the first to come.用法E n t e r y

25、 o u r t e x t h e r e虚拟条件句：往往指不能实现或纯属想象的情况。对过去情况进行虚拟条件句用过去完成时，主句用could/should/would/might+现在完成时If you had come yesterday,you would have met Georgia.If it had not been for your help yesterday,I couldnt have caught the train.If you had worked hard,you would have easily passed the final test.用法E n t e

26、 r y o u r t e x t h e r e虚拟条件句：往往指不能实现或纯属想象的情况。对将来情况进行虚拟条件句：should+动词原形动词的过去分词were/was to do主句：could/should/would/might+动词原形If you should have any difficulty in getting the information,you could come to my office.If we should come tomorrow,we could meet the general manager.If it snowed tomorrow,our

27、 plan would be postponed.If I were to do the job,I would do it in a different way.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e虚拟条件句：往往指不能实现或纯属想象的情况。综错时间条件句主句和条件句的发生时间是不一致的，按照对应的时间来用不同时态If you had taken my advice then（过去）,you wouldnt be in trouble now.（现在）If it had rained last night,it might be very cold toda

28、y.If she were to leave,I would have heard about it.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e虚拟条件句：往往指不能实现或纯属想象的情况。含蓄条件句它看不出虚拟语气但是语义上是虚拟的Without electricity(=if there were no electricity),the world would be black.But for your advice,I wouldnt have made such great progress.在名词性从句中的用法PART 02用法E n t e r y o u

29、 r t e x t h e r eWish+宾语从句如果用一般过去时，表示与现在相反；用过去完成时表示与过去相反，could/would+v表示与将来相反I wish I lived on the seashore.(与现在相反)I wish you had come to the wedding.（与过去相反）I wish I could know the answer to this question.（与将来相反）用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r eWould rather+宾语从句一般过去时：与现在或者将来相反过去完成时：与过去相反I would r

30、ather you didnt smoke.（现在相反）I would rather you told me the truth.（现在相反）Id rather you hadnt let out the secret.（过去相反）用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e建议suggest,decide,insist,persist,desire,request,mand+宾语从句英式英语：should+动词原形；美式英语：直接+动词原形I suggest you(should)have enough sleep.My parents advise I(shoul

31、d)not watch too much TV.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r eIt is important/unnatural/suggested thatIt is strange that he(should)be so rude.It is important that we(should)think before we decide.It is suggested that parents(should)spend more time with their children.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r e

32、as if、as though引导的表语从句：It Looks as if he were drunk.The pencil seems as though it were broken when it is partly put in the water.The material feels as if it were cotton.用法E n t e r y o u r t e x t h e r eWe_(face)the difficulty together,but why didnt you tell me.Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.The doctor recommended he _(stay)a few days more in hospital.